Online fusion estimation method for state of charge and state of health in lithium battery storage systems

To ensure the safe and reliable operation of Li-ion battery energy storage systems, it is important to diagnose the operational status and aging degree of the batteries. In this study, an online fusion estimation method based on back propagation neural network and genetic algorithm (BP-GA) is used for estimating the state of charge (SoC) and state of health (SoH) of Li-ion batteries. First, the effective features of SoC and SoH of Li-ion batteries during charging and discharging are analyzed, and the relevant features are extracted. Subsequently, a conventional back propagation neural network (BPNN) for SoC and SoH estimation is described. The extracted feature quantities are then used as inputs to the neural network for the estimation of the SoC and SoH of Li-ion batteries. A comparison of the SoC and SoH estimation results using, respectively, a single BPNN and a fusion algorithm using a genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the BPNN shows that the accuracy and efficiency of the estimation results using BP-GA are significantly higher than that of the BPNN. The experimental component of this paper is a comparison experiment using the Panasonic 18650PF and the real-world data from NASA. The results show that the feature extraction operation is relatively easy to perform and combined with the neural network method used in this paper can have good accuracy, reduce the complexity of the algorithm, and improve the detection efficiency.