Analysis of the Effect of Exhaust Configuration and Shape Parameters of Ventilation Windows on Microclimate in Round Arch Solar Greenhouse

The round-arch solar greenhouse (RASG) is widely used in the alpine and high latitude areas of China for its excellent performance. Common high temperature and high humidity environments have adverse effects on plants. It is extremely important to explore a reasonable and efficient ventilation system. A three-dimensional numerical simulation model of greenhouse ventilation considering crop canopy airflow disturbance was established. A robust statistical analysis to determine the validity of the model was calculated to thoroughly validate its overall performance. Microclimate distribution characteristics of nine kinds of exhaust configuration in greenhouse in summer were analyzed comparatively. It was determined that the highest ventilation efficiency could be achieved by adopting the combined configuration of rolling film at the south corner of the greenhouse and pivoting the window at the north side of the roof. In winter, the opening angle of ventilation window at the north side of the roof was less than 40 degrees to ensure the rapid cooling of the interior of the greenhouse without the crops being affected by the cold environment. Through optimization analysis, the ventilation configuration with a deviation angle of 25 degrees and a width of 900 mm is more reasonable (10 m span). The research results provide theoretical guidance for the design of the ventilation structure in RASG and further improve the sustainable development of the facility's plant production.