Craniofacial microsomia

Craniofacial microsomia shows an incidence of 1:3000-1:5000, but is still one of the most common congenital craniofacial disorders. Its expression is variable, accompanied by anomalies of the jaws, ears, soft tissues of the face, orbits, and facial nerves, as well as other extracranial malformations. The exact genesis is unclear; prenatal exposure and genetic anomalies are discussed. The complexity of this disease makes diagnosis difficult and requires an inter- and multidisciplinary therapeutic concept. The interdisciplinary fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery, neurosurgery, orthodontics, pediatrics, ophthalmology, andotorhinolaryngology, as well as speech therapy and nutritional advice, are required in the treatment.