Multi-scale coordinated optimal dispatch method of electricity-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy systems

To achieve carbon neutrality, renewable energy-based power systems and hydrogen are increasingly being promoted. A novel electricity-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy system that combines new energy generation, multi-source load, and multiple energy storage is proposed by the authors. To address uncertainties in new energy output, and issues of untimely unit regulation response and large planning tracking errors, a multi-scale scheduling method based on model predictive control (MPC) was proposed. In the day-ahead dispatching stage, an optimal economic dispatching model was established with the lowest system operation cost as the optimisation objective. The model considers equipment investment, operation, maintenance, and peak-to-valley differences in electricity prices. In the intraday dispatching stage, an MPC-based intraday rolling optimisation correction strategy was proposed to cope with contact line power fluctuations caused by prediction errors of new energy and multi-source load. This strategy combines time-domain rolling and feedback correction of the real-time system state to eliminate the influence of uncertainty factors in the microgrid. The MPC-based intraday rolling optimal scheduling model was established in the form of a discrete state space and transformed into a quadratic planning problem to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the model solution. Finally, a typical microgrid was used as an example to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that the contact line tracking error can be within 0.025 kW, and the single scheduling time was within 0.14 s.