Development of a molten salt thermal conductivity model and database for advanced energy systems

A theoretical model for predicting the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity of pure molten salts, both simple and complex, is presented. The model is based on kinetic theory and incorporates Einstein's concept of minimum thermal conductivity. The proposed formulation can consider the magnitude of thermal conductivity for separate salts, including complex and polymerizing salts. The model's thermal conductivity predictions were compared to reliable experimental data in the literature and a previously recommended thermal conductivity model using the Bland-Altman method. The comparison showed accurate thermal conductivity predictions relative to the reliable experimental data, with an average deviation of 10% or less. The model's predictions were also compared to the experimental data on an individual basis for halide, divalent halide, carbonate, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, and hydroxide molten salts, demonstrating reliable predictions for the molten salts studied and improved accuracy over the previous model. Lastly, a database of simple and complex molten salts, with the necessary parameters for modeling their thermal conductivity, is recommended.