Probing entanglement across the energy spectrum of a hard-core Bose-Hubbard lattice
arxiv(2023)
摘要
Entanglement and its propagation are central to understanding a multitude of
physical properties of quantum systems. Notably, within closed quantum
many-body systems, entanglement is believed to yield emergent thermodynamic
behavior. However, a universal understanding remains challenging due to the
non-integrability and computational intractability of most large-scale quantum
systems. Quantum hardware platforms provide a means to study the formation and
scaling of entanglement in interacting many-body systems. Here, we use a
controllable 4 × 4 array of superconducting qubits to emulate a
two-dimensional hard-core Bose-Hubbard lattice. We generate superposition
states by simultaneously driving all lattice sites and extract correlation
lengths and entanglement entropy across its many-body energy spectrum. We
observe volume-law entanglement scaling for states at the center of the
spectrum and a crossover to the onset of area-law scaling near its edges.
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