Blended Glial Cell's Spiking Neural Network.

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), the third generation of artificial neural networks, have been widely employed. However, the realization of advanced artificial intelligence is challenging due to the dearth of efficient spatiotemporal information integration models. Inspired by brain neuroscientists, this paper proposes a novel spiking neural network - Blended Glial Cell's Spiking Neural Network (BGSNN). BGSNN introduces glial cells as spatiotemporal information processing units based on neurons and synapses, and also provides four new network dynamics connection models which extend the information processing dimension, enhance the network global information integration in the spatiotemporal domain, as well as the plasticity of neurons and synapses. In this paper, a BGSNN application - Sudoku solver is designed and implemented on the "WenTian" neuromorphic prototype. On the Easybrain dataset, the BGSNN solver achieves 100% accuracy, outperforming the same structure SNN solver by 97% at the Evil difficulty level, and has faster converges speed compared with the SOTA Sudoku solver LSGA. On the kaggle dataset, the BGSNN solver achieves over 99.99% accuracy, outperforming the publicly available optimal DNN solver under this dataset by 3.82%. In addition, BGSNN exhibits good parallelism and sparsity, decreasing computation by at least 92.9% compared to serial solvers and reducing sparsity by 88% compared to the equal fully dense DNN. BGSNN improves the expression, feedback, and regulation capabilities of neural networks while maintaining the advantages of SNN parallel sparsity, making it simpler to implement advanced artificial intelligence.