Experimental Investigations of CO2 Laser Beam Welded Joints of AISI 304 and AISI 4130 Steels

Laser beam welding (LBW) is the fusion welding technique in which coalescence is produced by heating the workpiece by impingement of a concentrated beam of laser light. The main challenge for manufacturers in this regard is to choose input process parameters to produce a good welded joint. The present paper deals with the experiments which are conducted to join dissimilar metals AISI 304 and AISI 4130 steels by CO2 LBW technique, to investigate the effect of ultimate tensile strength, impact strength, micro-hardness and bead width. The experiment is conducted based on Taguchi DOE L25. Mechanical properties and bead width are analysed by ANOVA to find the significant factors and their influence on output responses. Whale optimization algorithm is used to find optimal welding process parameters combinations. From the experimental results, the LBW micro-hardness of the weldment is improved than the base metal.