Optimization of process parameters for intermediate pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse for biochar production using response surface methodology

Renewable and clean energy remains a better option in ameliorating the elevated concern about climate change, global warming, and the decline of fossil fuel reserves. This study aimed to optimize the pyrolysis process for producing biochar from sugarcane bagasse using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The physicochemical and thermal properties of the raw biomass were analyzed, and the optimal operating parameters for biochar production were determined. The optimal biochar yield was achieved at a temperature of 320°C, reaction time of 5 minutes, heating rate of 7.5°C/min, nitrogen flow rate of 225 cm3/min, and particle size of 0.9 mm. The study found that the operating parameters significantly affected the yields of pyrolysis products, with an optimal biochar yield of 40.4 wt% achieved at specific operating conditions. The biochar samples obtained from biomass contain alcohols, phenol, and aromatic compounds due to the thermal degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Hence, making them useful as bioenergy and petrochemical industries. Biochar had a high energy and carbon content, making it a potential solid fuel for various applications with good mechanical properties. These findings highlight the potential of biochar as a renewable and clean energy source that could help mitigate concerns about global warming, climate change, and the decline of fossil fuel reserves.