The roles of red mud as desulfurization and denitrification in flue gas: A review

Red mud is a kind of strong alkaline solid waste produced by alumina production from refined bauxite. Red mud has serious environmental hazards due to its huge output and strong alkalinity. The utilization of red mud has attracted much more attention, and many studies have used red mud for desulfurization and denitrification in the flue gas. So far, no one has systematically studied the role of red mud in desulfurization and denitrification in the flue gas, which will be reviewed in this paper. The paper compares the new technology with the traditional desulfurization and denitrification technology and describes the internal relations of the new technologies of desulfurization and denitrification. Moreover, the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of new technologies are summarized, which lays a foundation for the large-scale application of new technologies. This review also provides suggestions for the future research direction of red mud utilization, desulfurization technology, and denitration technology.