Research on Energy Management Strategy of Fuel Cell Buses In and Out of Bus Stop Based on Speed Optimization

As a typical scenario in bus driving, buses entering and leaving stations without speed planning will lead to high energy consumption problems such as frequent start and stop. This research suggests a predictive energy management strategy (EMS) for fuel cell (FC) hybrid electric buses based on speed optimization to lower energy consumption of speed variation while taking into account the features of the vehicle as it enters and leaves bus stops. In the distance of 100 m before and after the bus enters and leaves the bus stop, the speed optimization method based on dynamic programming considers the speed and travel time of the controlled vehicle based on the space step. The results of the simulation demonstrate that the proposed model predictive control (MPC) energy management method, which is based on speed optimization, can maintain the battery's operational status and follow the need for power. At the same time, the proposed strategy can greatly reduce the fluctuation of the FC working range. And compared with the MPC strategy without speed optimization, the energy consumption is reduced by 26.47%.