Unpredicted Scaling of the One-Dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Equation

The celebrated Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation describes the kinetic roughening of stochastically growing interfaces. In one dimension, the KPZ equation is exactly solvable and its statistical properties are known to an exquisite degree. Yet recent numerical simulations in the tensionless (or inviscid) limit of theKPZ equation [C. Cartes et al., The Galerkin-truncated Burgers equation: Crossover from inviscid-thermalized to Kardar-Parisi-Zhang scaling, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 380, 20210090 (2022).; E. Rodriguez-Fernandez et al., Anomalous ballistic scaling in the tensionless or inviscid Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation, Phys. Rev. E 106, 024802 (2022).] unveiled a new scaling, with a critical dynamical exponent z = 1 different fromthe KPZ one z = 3/2. In this Letter, we show that this scaling is controlled by a fixed point which had been missed so far and which corresponds to an infinite nonlinear coupling. Using the functional renormalization group (FRG), we demonstrate the existence of this fixed point and show that it yields z = 1. We calculate the correlation function and associated scaling function at this fixed point, providing both a numerical solution of the FRG equations within a reliable approximation, and an exact asymptotic form obtained in the limit of large wave numbers. Both scaling functions accurately match the one from the numerical simulations.