Dynamic Traffic Prediction-Based Energy Management of Connected Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Long Short-Term State of Charge Planning

Vehicle electrification, automation, and connectivity in today's transportation require significant efforts in control design to meet conflicting goals of energy efficiency, traffic safety, as well as comfort. The rapid development of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and the rapid growth of connectivity technologies enable vehicles to receive more information about traffic conditions, which provides a reliable solution for the energy management of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). This article proposes a predictive energy management strategy (EMS) for connected PHEV based on real-time dynamic traffic prediction. First, the future traffic information is predicted by establishing a wavelet neural network (WNN). Thus, the global driving condition can be predicted. Then, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of WNN to plan a global battery state-of-charge (SOC) reference. Second, a long short-term memory-based velocity predictor is proposed for the predictive EMS, by planning SOC over a prediction horizon based on the global SOC reference. Finally, the performance of the proposed EMS with WNN and PSO-WNN is verified by the actual traffic data. The results show that it can improve the fuel economy by 17.57% and 28.19%, respectively.