Characterization of Short-chain fatty acid-producing and cholesterol assimilation potential probiotic Lactic acid bacteria from Chinese fermented rice

Probiotic strains are phrased as beneficial for life because this bacterial association has substantial effects on human and animal health when administrated orally, among which bio-active metabolite short-chain fatty acids production and cholesterol assimilation are most significant. All the short-chain fatty acids, mainly acetate, propionate, and butyrate reveal valuable effects on human health. In this research, the ability of 9 the potential lactic acid bacteria food-isolated probiotics was investigated to produce bio-active metabolite short-chain fatty acids directly or indirectly, and cholesterol-lowering ability through various mechanisms. Their 16S rRNA gene sequences were analyzed. short-chain fatty acids were quantified by gas chromatography, while cholesterol assimilation was measured using the o-phthalaldehyde method with slight modifications. All isolated strains through this study have the ability to optimize cholesterol content in the culture broth, short-chain fatty acid production, and survival in extreme alkaline and acidic conditions. The highest resistance to bile salt concentrations, gamma-hemolysis, and strong antibacterial activity against pathogenic indicators, especially Escherichia coliATCC25922. The highest Lipid accumulation inhibitory effect was noticed in Lentilactobacillus hilgardii LMG 07934 as a potential probiotic isolate on the basis of cholesterol assimilation capacity (i.e., 91.4%), along with the ability to produce abundant i.e., butyric acid, propionic acid, and acetic acid, followed by Lacticaseibacillus paracasei ATCC 334 which has 85.3% cholesterol assimilation ability. These findings demonstrated that these isolated strains from Chinese fermented rice can be used as a potential probiotic and alternate therapeutic supplement because of their ability to produce short-chain fatty acids and their cholesterol-lowering ability.