Bayesian Hierarchical Factor Regression Models to Infer Cause of Death from Verbal Autopsy Data

Expression of Ins(1,4,5)P-3-kinase-A (ITPKA), the neuronal isoform of Ins(1,4,5)P-3-kinases, is up-regulated in many tumor types. In particular, in lung cancer cells this up-regulation is associated with bad prognosis and it has been shown that a high level of ITPKA increases migration and invasion of lung cancer cell lines. However, since ITPKA exhibits actin bundling and Ins(1,4,5)P-3-kinase activity, it was not clear which of these activities account for ITPKA-promoted migration and invasion of cancer cells. To address this issue, we inhibited endogenous actin bundling activity of ITPKA in lung cancer H1299 cells by overexpressing the dominant negative mutant ITPKAL(34P). Analysis of actin dynamics in filopodia as well as wound-healing migration revealed that ITPKAL(34P) inhibited both processes. Moreover, the formation of invasive protrusions into collagen I was strongly blocked in cells overexpressing ITPKAL(34P). Furthermore, we found that ATP stimulation slightly but significantly (by 13%) increased migration of cells overexpressing ITPKA while under basal conditions up-regulation of ITPKA had no effect. In accordance with these results, overexpression of a catalytic inactive ITPKA mutant did not affect migration, and the Ins(1,4,5)P-3-kinase-inhibitor GNF362 reversed the stimulating effect of ITPKA overexpression on migration. In summary, we demonstrate that under basal conditions the actin bundling activity controls ITPKA-facilitated migration and invasion and in presence of ATP the Ins(1,4,5)P-3-kinase activity slightly enhances this effect.