Cost-Effective Biosynthesis and Characterization of Encapsulated Cu, Ag, and Magnetic Cu–Ag Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

This work’s goal is to create magnetic monometallic and magnetic bimetallic nanoparticles without using any chemicals. This study reports the green synthesis of Cu, Ag, and Cu–Ag nanoparticles (NPs) at room temperature using Musa paradisiaca (banana) leaf extract. Our current study also focuses on determining how effective the leaf extract of Musa paradisiaca is as a reducing and stabilizing agent. After adding the Musa paradisiaca leaf extract into the solution containing the metal salt, constant stirring was performed until the reaction was finished. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were employed to characterize the NPs. The analyses revealed that Musa paradisiaca (Banana) leaf extract efficiently generated Cu, Ag, and magnetic Cu–Ag NPs. Biomolecules from Musa paradisiaca (banana) leaves were adsorbed on NP surfaces, producing a capping layer and stabilizing the nanoparticles. The average crystalline sizes of Cu, Ag, and Ag–Cu NPs were about 19 nm, 13 nm, and 23.15 nm, respectively. ImageJ software was used to compute the average particle size and the distribution of particle sizes. The calculated particle size range was 5–35 nm, 10–60 nm, and 20–90 nm for Cu NPs, Ag NPs, and Cu–Ag NPs, respectively. Simultaneously, the presence of elements in our synthesized nanoparticles was also investigated with the help of EDX tools. Organic functional groups were confirmed using FTIR analysis. In the last part, the magnetic behavior of our synthesis Cu–Ag bimetallic nanoparticles was analyzed using a VSM machine, and saturation magnetization (Ms) was found to be 0.58 emu g −1 . The coercivity (Hc) was 153 Oe. According to the findings, Musa paradisiaca (banana) leaf extract is found to be a promising reducing and stabilizing agent.