Citrus tristeza virus Promotes the Acquisition and Transmission of ' Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus' by Diaphorina citri .

Kuwayama () is an insect vector of phloem-limited ' Liberibacter asiatus' (CLas), the presumed pathogen of citrus Huanglongbing (HLB). Recently, our lab has preliminarily found it acquired and transmitted (CTV), which was previously suggested to be vectored by species of aphids. However, the influences of one of the pathogens on the acquisition and transmission efficiency of the other pathogen remain unknown. In this study, CLas and CTV acquisition and transmission by . at different development stages under field and laboratory conditions were determined. CTV could be detected from the nymphs, adults, and honeydew of . but not from the eggs and exuviates of them. CLas in plants might inhibit CTV acquisition by . as lower CTV-positive rates and CTV titers were detected in . collected from HLB-affected trees compared to those from CLas-free trees. . were more likely to obtain CTV than CLas from host plants co-infected with the two pathogens. Intriguingly, CTV in . facilitated the acquisition and transmission of CLas, but CLas carried by . had no significant effect on the transmission of CTV by the same vector. Molecular detection and microscopy methods confirmed the enrichment of CTV in the midgut after a 72-h acquisition access period. Collectively, these results raise essential scientific questions for further research on the molecular mechanism of pathogen transmission by . and provide new ideas for the comprehensive prevention and control of HLB and CTV.