Risk of new-onset Long Covid following reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: community-based cohort study
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)(2023)
摘要
Background Little is known about the risk of Long Covid following reinfection with SARS-CoV-2. We estimated the likelihood of new-onset, self-reported Long Covid after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection, and compared to a first infection.
Methods We included UK COVID-19 Infection Survey participants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 1 November 2021 and 8 October 2022. The primary outcome was self-reported Long Covid 12 to 20 weeks after each infection. Separate analyses were performed for those <16 years and ≥16 years. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for new-onset Long Covid using logistic regression, comparing second to first infections, controlling for socio-demographic characteristics and calendar date of infection, plus vaccination status in those ≥16 years.
Results Overall, Long Covid was reported by those ≥16 years after 4.0% and 2.4% of first and second infections, respectively; the corresponding estimates among those <16 years were 1.0% and 0.6%. The aOR for Long Covid after second compared to first infections was 0.72 (95% confidence interval: 0.63–0.81) for those ≥16 years and 0.93 (0.57–1.53) for those <16 years.
Conclusions The risk of new-onset Long Covid after a second SARS-CoV-2 infection is lower than that after a first infection for those ≥16 years, though there is no evidence of a difference in risk for those <16 years. However, there remains some risk of new-onset Long Covid after a second infection, with around 1 in 40 of those ≥16 years and 1 in 165 of those <16 years reporting Long Covid after a second infection.
### Competing Interest Statement
All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and declare: no support from any organisation for the submitted work; and no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years. MEO has received Patient Involvement honorarium for speaking at a Long Covid Physio International Forum panel discussion. NAA is a co-investigator on the NIHR-supported research on Long Covid (STIMULATE-ICP and HI-COVE studies), a Long Covid Kids Charity Champion, a Long Covid Support Charity Advisor, and has contributed in an advisory capacity to WHO and EU Commission's Expert Panel on effective ways of investing in health meetings in relation to post-COVID-19 condition.
### Funding Statement
The CIS is funded by the Department of Health and Social Care with in-kind support from the Welsh Government, the Department of Health on behalf of the Northern Ireland Government, and the Scottish Government. There was no dedicated funding for this study of CIS data.
### Author Declarations
I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.
Yes
The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:
Ethical approval was obtained from the South Central Berkshire B Research Ethics Committee (20/SC/0195).
I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.
Yes
I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).
Yes
I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable.
Yes
De-identified study data are available to accredited researchers in the ONS Secure Research Service under part 5, chapter 5 of the Digital Economy Act 2017. For further information about accreditation, contact research.support{at}ons.gov.uk or visit: .
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关键词
covid,cohort study,reinfection,new-onset,sars-cov,community-based
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