Characteristics of the esophageal microbiome in patients with achalasia and its changes before and after peroral endoscopic myotomy: A pilot study.

The altered esophageal microenvironment in achalasia leads to dysbiosis with a high abundance of genus Lactobacillus. Increased Neisseria and decreased Lactobacillus were observed after POEM. The long-term effect of microbial changes warrants further study.