Prevalence of carbapenemases in Enterobacterales from urine specimens in an university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey

We aimed to investigate the prevalence of carbapenemases in Enterobacterales strains isolated from urine specimens between July 2019 and July 2020. CIM and modified CIM tests were applied as well as detection of blaOXA-48, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaKPC and blaIMP genes was performed by multiplex PCR. One hundred fifty of 3,242 Enterobacterales strains were found to be carbapenem resistant and 46 were included in the study. Forty five (98%) of the 46 strains included in the study were Klebsiella spp. and one (2%) of them was Escherichia coli. Susceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam, amikacin and gentamicin was 97%, 11% and 9%, respectively. Forty three (94%) isolates were found positive at 2 and 4 h with CIM test. Forty four (97%) strains were found positive at 4 h and 43 (94%) strains were found positive at 2 h with modified CIM test. While blaOXA-48, blaNDM and blaOXA-48 with blaNDM association were found in Klebsiella spp. isolates in 55%, 27% and 11%, respectively, blaVIM, blaKPC, blaIMP were not found. Only blaOXA-48 and blaNDM-1 were detected in the E. coli strain. None of the investigated genes were detected in three Klebsiella strains but with whole genome analysis the combination of blaOXA-534, blaCMY-99 and blaKPC-3 was found in the first strain, blaOXA-370 in the second strain and no resistance gene was found in the third strain. Ceftazidime-avibactam was found to be active against 97% of strains, and the most common resistance genes were blaOXA-48 and blaNDM-1. Previously undetected resistance genes have been identified in our country.