Optimal Low-Power SI-MIMO Converter for Renewable Energy Base Power Supply of Wireless Gas Monitoring System

In order to carry out efficient flammable gas leaks and emissions monitoring of pipelines, wireless sensor nodes have to be deployed at different locations and heights. Therefore, the power grid could be unavailable and the power supply of gas sensors should be based on battery-renewable energy which needs an optimal low-power switching algorithm considering low cost. In addition, it is important to save battery life by protecting the battery from full discharge and overcharging. This paper introduces a DC/DC single-inductor, multi-input, multi-output (SI-MIMO) converter that can operate in three modes: buck, buck-boost, and boost. This converter is going to be designed in the discrete form. The basis is that the CPU of the microcontroller be turned on as little as possible and to be used only when it is necessary. Digital algorithms are considered in such a way that the system can intelligently and, depending on the energy level of the inputs, can use them to charge the outputs and determine the optimal switching frequency for each output. The system can work with variable input. Each output can be charged at different frequencies and according to their load, and the maximum switching frequency is equal to 10 kHz, which is a relatively low frequency.