Availability of Free Space Optical links of Hyderabad Pakistan using Climate Data

Researchers are interested in free-space optics (FSO) because of its numerous benefits including secure communication, easy installation & low setup costs, and license-free spectrum. Even though there are a number of benefits to use FSO link, it is highly susceptible to the effects of fog, smoke, and smog on its implementation. Fog is one of the most significant of these factors, resulting in significant attenuation for the FSO signals. In this manuscript, a case study for the 5G network that uses FSO communication links in presence of fog is presented. The Pakistan meteorological department (PMD) has provided the 20-year (21,900 samples) visibility data for Hyderabad. This 20-year visibility data consisted of daily measurements three times a day at 05:00, 08:00, and 17:00 Pakistan standard time (PKT). The outage probability for the city Hyderabad was calculated using the FSO system link budget equation at a wavelength of 1550 nm.