Plasmodium falciparum with pfhrp2/3 deletion not detected in a 2018-2021 malaria longitudinal cohort study in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene(2022)
Abstract
Histidine-rich protein 2- (HRP2-) based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are widely used to detect Plasmodium falciparum in sub-Saharan Africa. Reports of parasites with pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 (pfhrp2/3) gene deletions in Africa raise concerns about the long-term viability of HRP2-based RDTs. We evaluated changes in pfhrp2/3 deletion prevalence over time using a 2018-2021 longitudinal study of 1,635 enrolled individuals in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Samples collected during biannual household visits with ≥ 100 parasites/μL by quantitative real-time PCR were genotyped using a multiplex real-time PCR assay. Among 2,726 P. falciparum PCR-positive samples collected from 993 participants during the study period, 1,267 (46.5%) were genotyped. No pfhrp2/3 deletions or mixed pfhrp2/3 -intact and -deleted infections were identified in our study. Pfhrp2/3- deleted parasites were not detected in Kinshasa Province; ongoing use of HRP2-based RDTs is appropriate.
### Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
### Funding Statement
This study was funded by R01AI132547 to JJJ and RRD, with partial support from R01AI129812 to AKT, R01AI139520 to JAB and a supplement to RF, T32AI070114 to KB, K24AI134990 to JJJ, and an ASTMH/Burroughs-Wellcome Fund award to JBP.
### Author Declarations
I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.
Yes
The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:
Ethic committee/IRB of the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill gave ethical approval for this work. Ethic committee/IRB of the Kinshasa School of Public Health gave ethical approval for this work.
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I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).
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I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable.
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All data produced in the present study are available upon reasonable request to the authors.
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Key words
plasmodium falciparum,malaria longitudinal cohort study
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