Cultural specificity of time perspective: Development and construct validation of the Thai Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (TH-ZTPI)

The construct of time perspective using the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI; Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999 ) has been studied widely across cultures. The aim of the current study was to develop and validate a Thai version of the measure. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were conducted with 1,022 Thai participants aged from 18 to 61 years. The first CFA model using the original 56 items with a 5-factor structure showed an adequate fit replicating the previous work. The second EFA model of the 56 items confirmed the 5-factor structure with some cross-loading issues. The final CFA model of the modified measure removing 4 items showed a better fit. Cultural specificity in measuring this construct of time perspective was discussed.