金属-多孔有机分子笼纳米复合物的研究进展

Porous organic molecular cage (POC) is a kind of discrete molecule with specific sized cavities. Due to stable pore structure, high specific surface area, and good solubility, POC is emerging as a promising multi-functional material by accepting specific-sized molecules or ions within the cavity. In addition, derived from the stable and open pores, POCs can be utilized to a variety of applications, such as gas separation and storage, sensors, drug delivery, and so on, which is becoming a research hotspot at home and abroad. At present, given to the strong binding sites with metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and spatial confinement effect within the cage, POCs provide a new and stable way to protect metal nanoparticles from aggregation. Therefore, POCs are often used to prepare the metal nanoparticles of specific size, forming the metal-porous organic cage nanocomposites. The advantage of POCs in the metal-POCs nanocomposite is not only to regulate the size of metal nanoparticles but also to stabilize the micro/nanostructures without affecting the surface accessibility of active atoms within cages. Compared with traditional method to stabilize catalytic nanoparticles, MNPs-POCs composite has better stability and more active catalytic centers. The recent research achievements in MNPs-POCs nanocomposites and their important applications are summarized in this review, which is expected to inspire the further application in catalysis, sensors, medicine, etc.