Manipulating light-matter interaction into strong coupling regime for photon entanglement in plasmonic lattices

Enhancing light-matter interaction into the strong coupling regime attracts tremendous attention in both theory and experiment, which presents essential significance in research from nano-optics to quantum information. In this work, the entanglement effect is observed in the photons emitted from a plasmonic lattice as the coherent light-matter interaction occurs into the strong coupling regime with a Rabi splitting of 93.4 meV. A full quantum mechanical treatment based on the number state representation is established to reveal the underlying physics of the strong coupling phenomenon, especially the femtosecond dynamics of energy exchange and damping. The entangled split states display oscillating concurrence and negative Wigner quasiprobability distribution function, which demonstrates that this designed plasmonic lattice system can serve as an on-demand entangled photon source for quantum information.