Directed Acyclic Graph Blockchain for Secure Spectrum Sharing and Energy Trading in Power IoT

Peer-to-peer (P2P) spectrum sharing and energy trading are promising solutions to locally sat-isfy spectrum and energy demands in power Internet of Things(IoT). However, implementation of large-scale P2P spectrum sharing and energy trading con-fronts security and privacy challenges. In this pa-per, we exploit consortium blockchain and Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) to propose a new secure and dis-tributed spectrum sharing and energy trading frame-work in power IoT, named spectrum-energy chain, where a set of local aggregators (LAGs) cooperatively confirm the identity of the power devices by utilizing consortium blockchain, so as to form a main chain. Then, the local power devices verify spectrum and energy micro-transactions simultaneously but asyn-chronously to form local spectrum tangle and local en-ergy tangle, respectively. Moreover, an iterative dou-ble auction based micro transactions scheme is de-signed to solve the spectrum and energy pricing and the amount of shared spectrum and energy among power devices. Security analysis and numerical results illustrate that the developed spectrum-energy chain and the designed iterative double auction based micro- transactions scheme are secure and efficient for spec-trum sharing and energy trading in power IoT.