Red Beet Peel-Loaded Liposome's Impact on Metabolic Syndrome Rats and Its Use as Fortifier in Yoghurt Powder

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, type II diabetes and other complications. The red beet peels rich in antioxidant that may control metabolic syndrome. Microencapsulation increase pharmaceutical compound bioavailability. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of red beat peel loaded liposomes (RBPL) on MetS rats and the production of yoghurt powder fortified with RBPL as functional food. RBPL was produced, microcapsules characterization was studied. 30 sprague dawely female rats were divided into 3 groups (N=10), control(C) fed on basic diet, (MetS) fed on high fat high carbohydrates diet (HFD) and (RBPL) fed on HFD and RBPL for 60 days. Animals were euthanized, body and internal organs were weighed and the organs were collected for histopathology and Immunohistochemistry for iNOS and Caspas-3 markers. Plasma was collected for biochemical analysis of parameters related to MetS. Freeze-dried yoghurt powders containing RBPL was produced. Results showed high encapsulation efficiency of RBPL which were stable and evenly distributed. The RBPL fortified yoghurt powder showed characterization as control yoghurt. There were significant increase in glucose, lipids, liver and kidney profiles, leptin , irisin and malondialdehyde in MetS group, decrease in high density lipoprotein, albumin, catalase, total antioxidant, T3, TSH, insulin, IGF, phosphorus and zinc when compared to (C). Histopathologic sections showed derangement of tissues in organs with MetS and high expression of iNOS and caspase-3. RBPL took all the disrupted findings towards normal. This study showed RBPL's health benefits on MetS and were applied as fortifier in dried yoghurt powder.