Endogenous ethanol-producing bacteria interference in pathogen-host crosstalk.

While simultaneously reducing IL-25 secretion, Kp52145 alone significantly elicited MMP-1, lysozyme, and ALP secretion from co-cultured cells, as compared to no treatment. When compared with Kp 52145 stimulation alone, Pn1650 significantly potentiated MMP-1 and lysozyme secretions from Kp 52145-stimulated co-cultured cells by 29.7% and 67.4%, respectively. Simultaneously, a potentiated suppression (an overall decrease of 77.3%) in IL-25 secretion occurred 24 hours after Kn52145 plus Pn1650 administration. Compared to Kp52145-stimulation alone, treatment with W. confusa NRRL-B-14171 and Kp52145-stimulated co-cultured cells was associated with significant additive induction of MMP-1 and lysozyme secretions. However, compared to Kp52145-stimulation alone, W. confusa NRRL-B-14171 treatment significantly potentiated Kp52145-induced suppression of IL-25. using the same condition as mentioned above and compared to Kp52145-stimulation alone, L. reuteri 20016 treatment altered the secretion pattern in response to Kp52145: L. reuteri 20016-treated cells displayed less aversive responses towards Kp52145, suggesting that L. reuteri 20016 modulation may act differently on Kp52145 - induced signaling.