The explainable uncertainty in degradation process: a discovery from non-accelerated batteries degradation experiment.

The uncertainties in the degradation process have always been regarded as a major challenge in the practical applications of Prognostics and Health Management. This article discusses the uncertainties in the degradation process of Lithium-ion batteries, points out their potential consequences in practical applications, and then we summarizes some commonly adopted aftertreatment solutions for them. To proceed realistic analysis, we present a non-accelerated degradation experiment with several Lithium-ion batteries. The experiment lasted for more than ten months and the data highlighted the uncertain fluctuations and periodic waves in SOH degradation process. Furthermore, this article reveals the delayed correlation between SOH degradation and changing environmental temperature. Finally, we provide some possible solutions for guiding practical applications of our finding.