Self-assembly of gold nanoparticles on three-dimensional eggshell biological carbon fiber membranes: Non-enzymatic detection of rutin

A highly selective electrochemical sensing platform based on gold nanoparticles@three-dimensional carbonized eggshell fiber membrane (Au NPs@3D CEFM) was developed for non-enzymatic detection of rutin in the presence of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid. The porous 3D connected-network CEFM with a pore size of ∼5 µm was prepared. Au NPs (∼10 nm) were uniformly anchored on the surface of the 3D CEFM by self-assembly. The porous 3D CEFM acts as a conductive platform and the regular small-sized Au NPs provide more active sites to significantly enhance the catalytic and selective properties of Au NPs@ 3D CEFM. Under the optimal conditions, the Au NPs@ 3D CEFM/ITO electrode exhibits an excellent sensitivity of 3.08 μA·μM−1·cm−2 and a low detection limit of 0.014 µM (S/N = 3) for the detection of rutin in 0–60 µM. Meanwhile, the electrode is also effectively used for the determination of rutin in actual biological samples and the recoveries for spiked samples ranged from 92.3% to 106.8%.