Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis Co-infection in SARS-CoV-2 Patients

During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, few cases of Nocar-dia spp. co-infection have been reported during or after a COVID-19 infection. Nocardia spp. are gram-positive aerobic actinomycetes that stain partially acid-fast, can infect immunocompromised patients, and may cause dis-seminated disease. We present the case of a 52-year -old immunocompromised man who developed Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis pneumonia after a SARS-CoV-2 in-fection, and we summarize the current literature for no-cardiosis and SARS-CoV-2 co-infections. Nocardia spp. infection should remain on the differential diagnosis of pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts, regardless of other co-infections. Sulfonamide-carbapenem combina-tions are used as empiric therapy for nocardiosis; species identification and susceptibility testing are required to se-lect the optimal treatment for each patient.