Exposure Assessment for Wearable Patch Antenna Arrays at Millimeter Waves
IEEE Access(2023)
Abstract
Since the spread of the wearable systems and the implementation of the
forthcoming 5G in many devices, the question about the assessment of the
exposure in wearable typical usage to millimeter waves is crucial and timely.
For such frequencies, the power absorption becomes strongly superficial and
involves only the most superficial tissue of the human body, i.e., the skin. In
literature there are some models able to describe the layered structure of the
skin but, until now, there is no literature consensus on the skin model to
employ in computational exposure assessment studies. For these reasons, the
present work aimed to simulate four different models of the most superficial
tissues with different degree of detail exposed to two wearable patch antennas
at different frequencies i.e., 28 GHz and 39 GHz. This allows to investigate
the impact that the choice of a layered model rather than the homogeneous one
has on the exposure. Simulations were performed through the FDTD method,
implemented in the Sim4life platform and the exposure was assessed with the
absorbed power density averaged over 1 cm2 and 4 cm2 (Sab). The data showed
that the homogeneous model underestimates the peak value of Sab obtained for
multi-layer models in the stratum corneum (by 14
number of layers of the model and the frequency). This finding was confirmed by
an analytical approach with two impinging plane wave TEM-polarized with normal
incidence at 28 GHz and 39 GHz respectively. Conversely, there are no
substantial differences in the exposure levels between the layered models
MoreTranslated text
Key words
Wearable device,computational dosimetry,skin model,millimeter waves
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