How to Reach a Mobile Crisis Team: Results From a National Survey.

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article DatapointsFull AccessHow to Reach a Mobile Crisis Team: Results From a National SurveyRachel Odes, Ph.D., R.N., Deepa Manjanatha, M.P.H., Preston Looper, M.S., L.P.C.-S., Megan McDaniel, B.A., Matthew L. Goldman, M.D., M.S.Rachel OdesSearch for more papers by this author, Ph.D., R.N., Deepa ManjanathaSearch for more papers by this author, M.P.H., Preston LooperSearch for more papers by this author, M.S., L.P.C.-S., Megan McDanielSearch for more papers by this author, B.A., Matthew L. GoldmanSearch for more papers by this author, M.D., M.S.Published Online:20 Mar 2023https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.20220449AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail The rollout of the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline in July 2022 has raised urgent questions surrounding the infrastructure available to support callers during and after a call for help (1, 2). Currently, 988 callers are routed to their local National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (NSPL). From there, call-takers may provide counseling or initiate a referral. Should a caller urgently need in-person support, deployment of a mobile crisis team (MCT) would be a useful option (3). MCTs comprise behavioral health providers, medical staff, and sometimes law enforcement (in co-responder models) (4). MCTs are widely used, but a systematic description of their deployment and functioning is needed.Data Source and MethodsDuring 2021–2022, we conducted a survey of U.S. MCTs, defining an MCT broadly to include co-responder models, clinician-led teams, and teams including medical personnel. We recruited a convenience sample of participants who led or worked in an MCT through national Listservs, social media, and personal invitation. We asked participants about their program’s key features and then calculated descriptive statistics. After analysis of missing and duplicate data, we included 554 responses. Respondents could skip questions and respond anonymously.ResultsRespondents were in 45 states, and most described their roles as either MCT program director (N=237 of 501, 47%) or MCT clinician (N=105 of 501, 21%). Figure 1 depicts responses to the question of how respondents’ MCTs can be deployed. Of the 474 respondents who answered the question, nearly one-third (32%, N=154) reported that their MCTs could be deployed by calling the NSPL. The most commonly reported channel for reaching an MCT was to call teams directly (N=306, 65%), and the second most common was calling 911 (N=256, 54%).Figure 1. Phone number or agency that community members could call to deploy a mobile crisis team (MCT) in respondents’ programs (N=474)aaRespondents could choose more than one option.ImplicationsAlthough access to MCTs is an essential component of emergency mental health services, MCTs in many communities cannot be reached via 988. As federal and local agencies continue to implement 988-related changes, they should consider linking call centers to MCTs. The national 988 implementation sets the stage to establish a simplified point of access for mental health support and will hopefully streamline the process of connecting clients to services (5). As communities continue to integrate 988 calls into their service continuum, it should be recognized that current services are frequently fragmented and that it is important to communicate to community members how they can reach an MCT when needed.National Clinician Scholars Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (Odes); San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco (Manjanatha, McDaniel, Goldman); Full Tilt Strategies, L.L.C., Colleyville, Texas (Looper); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (Goldman).Send correspondence to Dr. Goldman ([email protected]). Tami L. Mark, Ph.D., and Alexander J. Cowell, Ph.D., are editors of this column.Dr. Goldman is a paid research consultant to the National Council for Mental Wellbeing, Peg's Foundation, the University of California, Davis, and the Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc. The other authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests.REFERENCES1. Balfour M, Minkoff K: A look at the 988 soft launch. Psychiatric Times, July 12, 2022. www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/a-look-at-the-988-soft-launch. Accessed Feb 9, 2023 Google Scholar2. Cantor JH, Holliday SB, McBain RK, et al.: Preparedness for 988 Throughout the United States: The New Mental Health Emergency Hotline. Santa Monica, CA, RAND, 2022. www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WRA1955-1-v2.html. Accessed Feb 9, 2023 Google Scholar3. National Guidelines for Behavioral Health Crisis Care—Best Practice Toolkit. Rockville, MD, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2020. www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/national-guidelines-for-behavioral-health-crisis-care-02242020.pdf Google Scholar4. Watson AC, Compton MT, Pope LG: Crisis Response Services for People With Mental Illnesses or Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Review of the Literature on Police-Based and Other First Response Models. New York, Vera Institute of Justice, 2019. www.vera.org/publications/crisis-response-services-for-people-with-mental-illnesses-or-intellectual-and-developmental-disabilities. Accessed Feb 9, 2023Google Scholar5. Hogan MF, Goldman ML: New opportunities to improve mental health crisis systems. Psychiatr Serv 2021; 72:169–173Link, Google Scholar FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byNone Volume 74Issue 10 October 01, 2023Pages 1084-1085 Metrics PDF download History Received 5 September 2022 Revised 19 January 2023 Accepted 1 February 2023 Published online 20 March 2023 Published in print 1 October 2023