Telecaregiving for Dementia: A Mapping Review of Technological and Nontechnological Interventions

Background and Objectives Informal (or family) caregivers to older adults with Alzheimer's disease or other related dementias (ADRD) could greatly benefit from innovative telecaregiving systems that support caregiving from a distance. The objective of this review is to better understand (a) who is involved in telecaregiving and their experiences; (b) the interventions currently available to support ADRD telecaregiving; and (c) the outcomes measured to assess the effects of ADRD telecaregiving interventions. Research Design and Methods A mapping review was conducted by systematically searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO for all works published in English from 2002 to 2022. References of included publications were searched to identify additional empirical publications for inclusion. Results Sixty-one publications (describing 48 studies and 5 nonstudy sources) were included in the review. Currently available information on the demographics, experiences, challenges, and benefits of ADRD telecaregivers is summarized. We found that interventions to support telecaregiving could be classified into 7 categories of technological interventions and 3 categories of nontechnological interventions. Empirical studies on ADRD telecaregiving interventions investigated a variety of outcomes, the most prevalent being user experience. Discussion and Implications We conclude that (a) the paucity of literature on telecaregiving does not allow for a comprehensive understanding of the needs and day-to-day activities of ADRD telecaregivers; (b) interventions developed to support ADRD telecaregiving may not fully meet the needs of caregivers or care recipients; and (c) there is insufficient rigorous research establishing the effects of telecaregiving interventions on key ADRD-related outcomes.