Biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia: a narrative review

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders that preferentially afflict the frontal and temporal lobes. The clinical presentation varies and can be difficult to distinguish from other neurodegenera- tive conditions (particularly Alzheimer's disease) and primary psychiatric disorders. Biomarkers have shown increasing potential in diagnosing FTD early and accurately. This pa- per provides an overview of the diagnostic, prognostic and disease-staging value of biomarkers in FTD, an update on fluid-based and neuroimaging biomarkers in FTD, and their clinical implications.