How Should Surgeons Consider Emerging Innovations in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics?

Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted robotic surgery seems to offer promise for improving patients' outcomes and innovating surgical care. This commentary on a hypothetical case considers ethical questions that AI-facilitated surgical robotics pose for patient safety, patient autonomy, confidentiality and privacy, informed consent, and surgical training. This commentary also offers strategies for mitigating risk in surgical innovation.