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GPT2基因突变致常染色体隐性遗传性智力低下49型1例并文献复习

马天贺,文香淑

wf(2022)

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Abstract
智力发育障碍(intellectual and developmental disability,IDD)影响全球1%~3%的人口,其发病率因不同地区人口而异[1-2],特征是智商低于70,至少有2种适应性行为缺陷[3].IDD的病因来源有多种,其中25%~50%的病例病因可归类为遗传因素[4].目前发现谷丙转氨酶2(glutamate pyruvic transaminase 2,GPT2)基因突变可导致其中一种智力障碍-常染色体隐性遗传性智力低下49型(men-tal retardation,autosomal recessive 49,MRT49),也称伴小头畸形和痉挛性截瘫的精神发育迟滞(neuro-developmental disorder with spasticparaple-gia and microcephaly,NEDSPM),是 GPT2 在调节体内神经元生长和运动功能所需的代谢机制出现异常时导致的疾病[5-6],遗传方式为常染色体隐性遗传[5].
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