A review from 1996 to 2021 of tuning methodologies and controller structures applied for an unstable/stable (bio)reactor with imperfect mixing and bypass.

This paper presents a critical review of tuning methodologies and controller structures applied to the Cholette bioreactor. This (bio)reactor has been studied extensively by the automatic control community from the point of view of controller structures and tuning methodologies, from controllers with a single structure to nonlinear controllers, and from the synthesis method to the frequency response. Therefore, new trends and opportunities of study have been detected with regard to their operating points, controller structures and tuning methodologies which could be addressed for this system.