Bifidobacterium bacteraemia is rare with routine probiotics use in preterm infants: A further case report with literature review

Prophylactic administration of oral probiotics is associated with significant reductions in the morbidity and mortality of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants. We document the first case of Bifido-bacterium longum subsp. infantis sub-clinical bacteraemia, in an extremely low birth weight preterm infant, since introduction of routine probiotic treatment at the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital 10 years ago. Whole genome comparisons confirmed the isolated strain likely originated from the probiotic product.(c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).