Genomic Characterization of Rare Primary Cardiac Sarcoma Entities.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)(2023)
Abstract
Primary cardiac sarcomas are considered rare malignant entities associated with poor prognosis. In fact, knowledge regarding their gene signature and possible treatments is still limited. In our study, whole-transcriptome sequencing on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from one cardiac osteosarcoma and one cardiac leiomyosarcoma was performed, to investigate their mutational profiles and to highlight differences and/or similarities to other cardiac histotypes. Both cases have been deeply detailed from a pathological point of view. The osteosarcoma sample presented mutations involving , , and , while the leiomyosarcoma case showed , , and alterations. Altered genes, along with the most differentially expressed genes in the leiomyosarcoma or osteosarcoma sample versus the cardiac angiosarcomas and intimal sarcomas (e.g., , , and ), appeared to be associated with cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and the repair of DNA damage, which are key mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis. Moreover, a distinct gene expression profile was detected in the osteosarcoma sample when compared to other cardiac sarcomas. For instance, a marker of osteoblastic differentiation, was upregulated in our bone tumor. These findings pave the way for further studies on these entities, in order to identify targeted therapies and, therefore, improve patients' prognoses.
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Key words
bioinformatics,cardiac sarcomas,leiomyosarcoma,osteosarcoma,whole-transcriptome sequencing
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