Employing newly developed copper oxide nanoparticles for antibacterial capability from discarded Wedelia trilobata flowers

Copper oxide nanoparticles are synthesized by the green approach method which is sustainable and eco-friendly perhaps other physical and chemical methods. The attention towards noble metal (Ag, Au, etc.) is reducing and that is now covered by copper oxide nanoparticles owing to its potency and being economically cheaper. For the first time, the copper oxide nanoparticles were synthesized utilizing an aqueous petal extract of Wedelia trilobata as a reducing agent. The UV–vis spectrum is observed at 412 nm. The XRD peaks correspond to the face-centered cubic structure. FT-IR bands detected for nanoparticles obtained from petal extracts exhibits the functional groups, 436.09 cm -1 and 456.50 cm -1 validates the Cu – O stretching vibrations. The morphology of nanoparticles is spherical which is confirmed by SEM. Elemental analysis is also performed to know the purity of the nanoparticles obtained. Antibacterial activity of nanoparticles is measured by minimal inhibitory concentration assay for which three different bacterial strains are used Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Staphylococcus aureus. The antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles and aqueous petal extract is assessed by DPPH assay. BSA protein is used to check the denaturation activity of the nanoparticle, petal extract. The crystalline size of the nanoparticles is 4.2 nm which is measured by DLS and zeta potential is observed to be stable.