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Adolescent Feelings on COVID-19 Distance Learning Support: Associations With Mental Health, Social-Emotional Health, Substance Use, and Delinquency

Karen Kwaning, Ayman Ullah, Christopher Biely, Nicholas Jackson, Kulwant K. Dosanjh, Arzie Galvez, Guadalupe Arellano, Rebecca Dudovitz

The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine(2023)

Cited 5|Views7
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Abstract
Purpose: School social support is associated with improved adolescent wellbeing. However, positive school relationships were potentially disrupted when schools transitioned to distance learning in 2020 to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. This study investigated associations among perceived distance learning school support, mental health, social-emotional wellbeing, substance use, and delinquency among low-income, public high school students.Methods: We analyzed longitudinal survey data, collected between June 2020 and June 2021, from 372 students attending five large urban public high schools. Mixed-effects regression models examined associations among changes in distance learning support and changes in mental health, social-emotional wellbeing, substance use, and delinquency, controlling for time, social -demographics, and baseline health.Results: In this predominantly Latinx (83%) sample, within-person increases in perceived distance learning support were associated with improved mental health, increased grit, increased self -efficacy, and decreased stress. Between-person differences in distance learning support indi-cated that students reporting greater support had improved mental and social-emotional out-comes. Although there were no within-person associations among distance learning support and hopelessness or delinquency, students with greater distance learning support (between-person) had lower levels of hopelessness and lower odds of engaging in any delinquent behavior. There were no associations between distance learning support and 30-day substance use.Discussion: School social support, even without students physically on campus, may be critical to adolescent health behaviors and social-emotional outcomes.(c) 2023 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Key words
Adolescent,Adolescent health,Youth health,Health risk behavior,Mental health,Social-emotional health
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