Microbial cellulosic pad encompassing alpha-arbutin in Tragacanth gum as the controlled delivery system

This research focuses on preparing a natural-based drug delivery system for alpha-arbutin (AR) as a skin lightening. Bacterial cellulose nanofibers (BC) pad was used for controlled-AR release through two approaches. First was the dip-drying method (P-BC), in which AR cross-linked to BC pads using citric acid (CA). The second was simul-taneously entrapping of AR in Tragacanth gum (AR-TG) and stabilized on BC (BC-T) through the ultrasonic-assisted microemulsion method. UV-Vis spectra revealed better control of AR release in BC-T in the first hour. High cell viability (above 70 %) of the pads containing 1-3 % AR was reported using MTT assay. The in-vitro permeation study indicated the proper AR penetration in the treated pads. The Fickian diffusion model was determined as a fitted model for all pads in the drug release kinetics. FTIR, XRD, and TGA analyses further characterized the pads. FESEM images verified AR-TG and BC structures with average diameters of 410.7 +/- 25.4 and 34.5 +/- 7.51 nm, respectively. The hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the pads were also investi-gated. Finally, the high biocompatibility, initial controlled release, and proper permeation suggested BC-T as a more promising delivery platform for AR.