Modelling the Apparent von Karman Parameter in Thermally and Sedimentologically Stratified Air Flows

Through a field experiment on a sandy beach at Pingtan, China, we propose the first model to characterize the variability of apparent von Karman parameter kappa a ${\kappa }_{a}$ in the thermally and sedimentologically stratified air flows. The model shows that kappa a ${\kappa }_{a}$ is negatively correlated to flux Richardson number as well as sediment transport rate. The atmospheric stability can be either from thermal stratification or sedimentological stratification, neglecting either of them can lead to substantial errors in predicting shear velocity and sediment transport rate.