Formation mechanism of freezing interface strain and effect of different factors on freezing interface strain

Changes in the freezing interface during the freezing process were studied to explain the ice-adhesion mechanism. The formation and variation of the freezing interface strain for different volumes of water on an aluminum alloy at different ambient temperatures were tested. The experimental results showed that the interface strain had the same formation and variation law despite the volume of water and ambient temperature. The freezing interface strain formation process could be separated into decreasing, rapidly increasing, and stable stages. The freezing interface strain gradually increased with lower ambient temperatures or an increase in the volume of water. Combined with the freezing process, the freezing time of the attached water and the formation time of the swelling force were reduced with decreasing ambient temperatures. The ice-adhesion area was small, so the freezing interface strain increased. When the volume of water increased, although the contact area between the ice and the substrate increased, so did the internal energy in the water, leading to an increase in the swelling force, increasing the interface strain. This study helped analyze the ice-adhesion formation process and its strength (based on its mechanical properties) to lay a theoretical foundation for developing process-intervention anti/de-icing technology.