Investigation on high-energy Si anode mechanical-electrochemical-thermal characteristic under wide temperature range

•The novel mechanical-electrochemical-thermal model of Si anode is established.•Low initial temperature or fast charging can worsen asymmetrical cycle.•The heat generation during lithiation is larger than that during delithiation.•More heat will be generated under high initial temperature or fast charging.•Ratcheting deformation is aggravated by low initial temperature or fast charging.