New recombinant rabies vaccines

The review covers problems of construction and production of new recombinant rabies vaccine. New approaches are being investigated to develop rabies vaccine and include methods of reverse genetic, production of virus antigens in plant cells cultures, obtaining of virus like particles and DNA and virus vector-based vaccines. Reverse genetics techniques let to manipulate the rabies genome and construct new attenuated strains of rabies virus. The production of the rabies virus main antigen (the glycoprotein G) in the plant cells cultures is promising for getting «edible» vaccines that do not require cleaning of antigen and repeated parenteral administration. Virus-like particles are capable to carry several rabies virus antigens, as well as different molecular adjuvants. DNA vaccines are characterized by ease preparation and low cost, but require different ways to enhance immunogenicity. Such approaches as DNA and virus vector-based vaccines delivering foreign genes, for example the gene of the glicoprotein G. Nowadays veterinary vaccines based on recombinant replication-competent vaccinia virus and human adenovirus type 5 are being actively used. Non-replicative human adenovirus type 5, expressing rabies glycoprotein G gene, is a good candidate for development of vaccines for mass immunization of the population.