Modeling and analysis of opportunistic spectrum access schemes in cognitive cellular networks under imperfect sensing

Cognitive radio (CR) is an exciting technology to solve the spectrum scarcity problem in the future cellular networks. As the grade-of-service (GoS) performances directly reflect the user's experiences in the cognitive cellular networks (CCNs), the GoS performance analysis of the OSA scheme in the CCNs has attracted much attention. In this article, we derive GoS performance metrics with a three-dimension continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) to model the opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) schemes with non-hopping and with hopping in the CCNs under imperfect sensing. Under imperfect sensing, for a given primary user traffic, the range of achievable user equipment (UE) traffic is derived with guarantying the GoS of the UE. Simulations are conducted to verify the validity of the proposed CTMC model and corresponding analysis.