A Case of Sepsis Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in an Extremely Low-Birth Weight Infant Treated with Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole

Bowen Weng, Xiaoyue Zhang, Wenchao Hong, Chongbing Yan, Xiaohui Gong, Cheng Cai Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Cheng CaiDepartment of Neonatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 21 52976179Fax +86 21 62790494Email caicheng2004@163.comAbstract: In recent years, there have been an increasing number of infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms in the neonatal intensive care unit. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a challenge in clinical anti-infection treatment. Herein, we report the case of CRKP sepsis in an extremely low-birth weight infant (ELBWI) who did not respond to meropenem and vancomycin, but was treated successfully after a 10-day antibiotic course with trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ). Recent research on CRKP-associated sepsis and the application of TMP-SMZ therapy in children and neonates were reviewed to offer a reference for clinical practice.Keywords: carbapenem-resistance, extremely low birth weight infant, Klebsiella pneumoniae, sepsis, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole